Reflective Inferences (2024)

Arguments and Reason-Giving

Matthew W. McKeon

Published:

2024

Online ISBN:

9780197751664

Print ISBN:

9780197751633

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Arguments and Reason-Giving

Matthew W. McKeon

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Matthew W. McKeon

Matthew W. McKeon

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Pages

116–160

  • Published:

    May 2024

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McKeon, Matthew W., 'Reflective Inferences', Arguments and Reason-Giving (2024; online edn, Oxford Academic, 23 May 2024), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197751633.003.0004, accessed 29 May 2024.

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Abstract

A theoretical inference is reflective only if the inferer performs the inference because they believe that the premises are reasons for believing the conclusion in one of the senses discussed in Chapter 3. An essential feature of reflective inferences is that they are accompanied by a linking belief, i.e., the belief that the inference’s premises are reasons of some sort for believing the conclusion. Reflective inferences are connected to reason-giving uses of arguments in the following two ways. If you perform a reflective inference, then you use the corresponding argument in a reason-giving way. If you use an argument in a reason-giving way, then you have performed a reflective inference from its premises to conclusion. Chapter 4 identifies distinguishing features of reflective inferences in order to ground these theses so as to account for why reflective inferences are necessarily accompanied by a linking belief.

Keywords: critical thinking, reflective inference, Dewey, reflective inference, Lipman, Facione, Toulmin, argument

Subject

Philosophy of Mathematics and Logic

Collection: Oxford Scholarship Online

Arguments and Reason-Giving. Matthew W. McKeon, Oxford University Press. © Oxford University Press 2024. DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197751633.003.0004

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